INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER

What is a computer?

Computer is a device or machine that can automatically receive instructions, processinstructions, keep all the information for later use and subsequently making a decision for our viewing pleasure. All information received by the computer is called input and information or results produced known as the output. Computer has a memory that canstore information and call back at any time when needed. The concept of computer organization can be summarized as follows:

Instruction is information that tells the computer the tasks that need doing. We provide instructions with how to write a program. To support the program, we include enough data.Data is the smallest unit of information or materials to achieve self explanatory.

COMPUTER ORGANIZATION CONCEPT

Computer works as a system. It contains several components for receiving distributed task.This means that every component within or outside know their roles and do only what he was told.

The main task is to solve a problem of computer logic to it. Computer to create a system to deal with each problem given that it can be completed successfully. The system is based oncomputer organization, input, processing, memory, and output. Sema tasks allocated to specific units. Each unit understand their respective roles and are dedicated to perform a given task.

Input is the way computers operate receiving information. There are two types of commands and data information. Instructions tell the computer things to do for a group of data. The most common input method is by typing a key on the computer keyboard. We can also use the joystick, paddle, mouse, punch cards , phone and pen light with touch on-screen computer monitor.

Processing is the main task for the computer, including control of all computer operations, calculation, comparison logic and reference frequency to achieve the purpose of instruction.Central Processing Unit ( center processing unit, CPU) is responsible for the overall control of each component task execution by a computer. CPU consists of two main components, namely the control unit and the unit arithmetic / logic.

Shall have the computer memory that can retrieve all the tasks that have been done. Tool to save memory storage called. Memory on the computer is stored in two ways, namely internal and external computer. Memory in the main memory or storage. While external memory is stored as a secondary storage because it involves external periferial tool. Both storage allows us to keep the memory either permanently or temporarily.

Two types of main memory in microcomputers, RAM ( Random Access Memory ) and ROM (Read Only Memory ). Main memory is more expensive than secondary storage. Examples of commonly used secondary storage such as floppy disks, compact discs, magnetic tapes and cassettes.

Output is a way to tell the computer processing of the results for further action. Examples of output devices such as moniter, display device video, printers, Plotter, and speaker phone.